US President Donald Trump said on Saturday that the United States was prepared to impose fresh energy sanctions on Russia, but only if all NATO nations ceased purchasing Russian oil and implemented similar measures.
More than three years after Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the US and European Union still import billions of euros worth of Russian energy and commodities, ranging from liquefied natural gas to enriched uranium.
Here are the main commercial ties that the EU and the US maintain with Russia, and their evolution over the last four years:
The EU has imposed various import and export restrictions on several products, resulting in a 61 per cent decline in exports to Russia and an 89 per cent drop in imports from Russia between the first quarter of 2022 and the second quarter of 2025, according to the latest data from Eurostat.
In the second quarter of 2025, EU exports to Russia increased, while imports decreased, turning a trade deficit to a surplus of €0.8 billion.
The EU, however, continues to purchase oil, nickel, natural gas, fertiliser, iron and steel from Russia.
Four years ago, Russia was the largest supplier of petroleum products to the EU, but the EU ban on maritime imports of Russian crude oil reduced its share to 2.01 per cent in 2025 so far from 28.74 per cent in 2021.
The share of petroleum oil imports from Russia fell from 29 per cent in the first quarter of 2021 to just two per cent in the second quarter of 2025.
Russia's share in EU imports of natural gas dropped to 12 per cent in the second quarter of 2025 from 48 per cent in the first quarter of 2021.
In this period the share for Norway (+10 per cent) increased by the sharpest amount, but Algeria (+two per cent) became the EU's largest partner, accounting for 27 per cent of the bloc's natural gas imports.
Russia still supplies some EU countries such as Hungary and Bulgaria via the TurkStream undersea gas pipeline from Turkey.
The value of EU imports of liquefied natural gas from Russia increased considerably between the first quarter of 2021 and the second quarter of 2022 as prices increased sharply.
However, Russia's share in EU imports of LNG had decreased to 14 per cent in the second quarter of 2025 from 22 per cent in the first quarter of 2021.
The United States was the biggest supplier of the frozen gas to Europe in the second quarter of this year, with its share reaching 54 per cent.
Russia's share in non-EU iron and steel imports slumped to six per cent in the second quarter of 2025 from 18 per cent four years ago.
Russia remained, as of the second quarter of 2025, the largest exporter of fertilisers into the 27-nation EU, and its share of that market had increased to 34 per cent from 28 per cent over the last four years.
The European Parliament voted in May to impose prohibitive tariffs on Russian fertiliser imports, but they will only be introduced in phases and it is too early to assess their likely impact on the market.
US imports from Russia fell to $2.50 billion in the first half of 2025 from $14.14 billion four years earlier, according to US Census Bureau and US Bureau of Economic Analysis data. Since January 2022, the United States has imported $24.51 billion of Russian goods.
Last year, the US imported around $1.27 billion of Russian fertilisers, up slightly from $1.14 billion in 2021.
The US imported enriched uranium and plutonium from Russia worth around $624 million in 2024, down from $646 million in 2021.
Russia exported palladium to the United States for around $878 million in 2024, down from $1.59 billion in 2021.
(Reporting by Mireia Merino, Tristan Veyet and Reuters Moscow bureau; editing by Guy Faulconbridge and Gareth Jones)
